Today (October 19), the State Administration of Cultural Heritage held a press conference to announce to the public the latest discoveries and results of the deep-sea archeology of Ming Dynasty shipwrecks on the northwest slope of the South China Sea, the underwater archeology of Yuan Dynasty shipwrecks on Zhangzhou Holy Grail Island, and the underwater archeology of Sino-Japanese War shipwrecks. Results.
Longquan has the most celadon in underwater archaeology
The Yuan Dynasty shipwreck site of Zhangzhou Holy Grail Island is located in the waters of Holy Grail Island on the east side of Gulei Peninsula, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. It has been proven that the water depth of the shipwreck site is about 30 meters. Canlan’s mother in the main area was stunned for a moment, then shook her head at her daughter and said, “Although your mother-in-law is indeed a bit special, my mother doesn’t think she is abnormal.” The wooden hull and piles of cargo are piled up, covering an area of about 300 square meters. Through underwater archaeological discovery, the remaining length of the Yuan Dynasty shipwreck is about 16.95 meters, and the widest part is about 4.5 meters. The remaining 9 bulkheads and 10 cabins have a single-layer plate structure. The mast base, keel plate and bilge keel were found. Hull structure.
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Liang Guoqing, deputy director of the Underwater Archeology Institute of the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: After our excavations in 2022 and 2023, we have completed the extraction of all the ship cargo, 99% of which is Longquan celadon. . The discovery of Longquan celadon this time should be the largest number found in shipwrecks so far. Some on-board navigation and some life materials were also found on this ship, such as bathymetric plumb bobs and sea lanterns from sea-going ships, which provide us with a deeper understanding of life on this ship in the future, including a further understanding of this sunken ship. Some new material.
Approximately 17,000 water cultural relics have been excavated from the Yuan Dynasty shipwreck site on Shengbei Island, including more than 16,000 pieces of Longquan celadon. The shapes of the vessels include bowls, plates, dishes, cups, washbasins, alms bowls, incense burners and goblets. , dated to the late Yuan Dynasty, is a typical porcelain for export trade.
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Sun Jian, deputy director of the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: The archeology of the Holy Grail Island shipwreck reflects the output of China’s Longquan kiln porcelain during the Yuan Dynasty. This is relatively rare among the shipwrecks we have done before. And Longquan kiln products are alsoTo a certain extent, it can be said that it is China’s first or the first global product exported by China.
The shipwreck of Holy Grail Island recreates the export of Longquan celadon in the late Yuan Dynasty and the prosperity of the Maritime Silk Road. It is an important achievement of the archeology of my country’s Maritime Silk Road in recent years. It is of great value for in-depth study of the history of navigation, shipbuilding and shipboard life in the Yuan Dynasty. This underwater archaeological excavation achieved refined underwater archaeological excavation in low visibility through technological innovation and equipment improvement, which greatly improved the technical level of underwater archaeological excavation in our country.
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Liang Guoqing, deputy director of the Underwater Archeology Institute of the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: For the first time in such low visibility, we have achieved the extraction of three-dimensional photography and high-definition images of the entire underwater site, including our underwater Some of the in-situ reinforcement technologies are also pioneering in China. The level of refinement of the entire shipwreck excavation has been greatly improved.
Ten years of underwater archeology to explore the place where the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War ended
Under the unified deployment of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, together with cultural and museum units in Shandong and Liaoning provinces, has continued to carry out underwater archaeological work on the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War since 2014. The four ships Zhiyuan, Jingyuan, Chaoyong and Yangwei were confirmed.
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Zhou Chunshui, the team leader of the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck underwater archeology project: We started the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck in 2014 and continued until this year, which took about ten years. The content of the work includes confirming its exact location and further understanding its preservation status in the mud. At this point, we have completed this work.
Beginning in 2017, researchers on the underwater archeology of the Sino-Japanese War shipwrecks have successively discovered Dingyuan, Jingyuan, and Laizhou through underwater archaeological surveys and research on shipbuilding archives and war archives near the former Beiyang Naval Base in Weihai Bay. Far three ships.
At present, underwater archeology has proven that the water depth of the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck site in Weihai Bay is 6 to 10 meters, and the site distribution area is 850 to 2,100 square meters. “What Linquan treasure land?”Mother Pei said with a smile. No complete hull was found, and the only remaining relics were scattered. The unearthed water relics included hull components, crew daily items, weapons and ammunition, etc. Among them, the Dingyuan ship was in the bow. The entire 18.7-ton protective iron deck was discovered and successfully extracted in the artillery area; the Jingyuan ship found two boxes of intact 37mm Hachikai shells amidships, and a 210mm main gun shell in the bow; Laiyuan ship The ship found a silver spoon with “Laiyuan” engraved on it and two wooden identification tags with the names of sailors from “Laiyuan” written on them.
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Zhou Chunshui, the team leader of the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck underwater archeology project: Each warship has important cultural relics out of the water. Among them, the Zhiyuan ship in the northern Yellow Sea, we are members of the Qin family and nodded. Found a dinner plate with the seal script of Zhiyuan Ship written on it. There was also the discovery of the monocular telescope of Chen Jinkui, the first officer of the Zhiyuan ship. Of course our family is not like your parents’ family, which is already halfway there. It will be much colder on the mountainside, so you should wear more clothes and warm clothes to avoid catching a cold. “There are other more important weapons. For one of them, we found a square porthole from the Zhiyuan ship in the northern Yellow Sea. When you pick up the glass, you can see cracks, which proves that the naval battle at that time was quite fierce. The other one is the one in the northern Yellow Sea. At the ruins of the long-distance warship, a lot of those kinds of bullets were also found inside.
The series of underwater archeology of the Sino-Japanese War shipwrecks of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 fills the gap of modern shipwrecks in Chinese waters. “Anyway, they are not people living in the capital, because the sedan went out of the city as soon as it left the city gate.” Someone said. Gaps in ship underwater archeology. Its archaeological results have played an important role in promoting research on the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1894 and protecting the original site of the sunken ship site.
(CCTV reporters Zhang Xin, Huang Yichen and Kang Yi)