Today (October 19), the State Administration of Cultural Heritage held a press conference to announce to the public the latest discoveries and results of the deep-sea archeology of Ming Dynasty shipwrecks on the northwest slope of the South China Sea, the underwater archeology of Yuan Dynasty shipwrecks on Zhangzhou Holy Grail Island, and the underwater archeology of Sino-Japanese War shipwrecks. Results.
Longquan has the most celadon in underwater archaeology
The Yuan Dynasty shipwreck site of Zhangzhou Holy Grail Island is located in the waters of Holy Grail Island on the east side of Gulei Peninsula, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. It has been proven that the water depth of the shipwreck site is about 30 meters. The main area contains wooden ship hulls and piles of cargo, covering an area of about 300 square meters. Through underwater archaeological discovery, the remaining length of the Yuan Dynasty shipwreck is about 16.95 meters, and the widest part is about 4.5 meters. There are 9 remaining bulkheads and 10 cabins. It has a single-layer plate structure. The mast base, keel plate and bilge keel were found. Hull structure.
Liang Guoqing, deputy director of the Underwater Archeology Institute of the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: After our excavations in 2022 and 2023, we have completed the extraction of all the cargo, 99% of which is Longquan celadon. The discovery of Longquan celadon this time should be the largest number found in shipwrecks so far. Some on-board navigation and some life materials were also found on this ship, such as bathymetric plumb bobs and sea lanterns from sea-going ships, which provide us with a deeper understanding of life on this ship in the future, including a further understanding of this sunken ship. Some new material.
Approximately 17,000 water cultural relics have been excavated from the Yuan Dynasty shipwreck site on Shengbei Island, including more than 16,000 pieces of Longquan celadon. The shapes of the vessels include bowls, plates, dishes, cups, washbasins, alms bowls, incense burners and goblets. , dated to the late Yuan Dynasty, is a typical porcelain for export trade.
Sun Jian, deputy director of the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: The archeology of the Holy Grail Island shipwreck reflects the output of China’s Longquan kiln porcelain during the Yuan Dynasty. This is relatively rare among the shipwrecks we have done before. The products of Longquan kiln can also be said to be China’s first or the first global product exported by China to a certain extent.
The shipwreck of Holy Grail Island recreates the export of Longquan celadon in the late Yuan Dynasty and the prosperity of the Maritime Silk Road. It is an important achievement of the archeology of my country’s Maritime Silk Road in recent years. It is of great significance for in-depth study of the history of navigation, shipbuilding and shipboard life in the Yuan Dynasty. He wants to hear his daughter’s thoughts before making a decision, even if he and his wife have the same disagreement. Want value. This underwater archaeological excavation achieved refined underwater archaeological excavation in low visibility through technological innovation and equipment improvement, which greatly improved the technical level of underwater archaeological excavation in our country.
Liang Guoqing, deputy director of the Underwater Archeology Institute of the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: For the first time in such low visibility, we have achieved the extraction of high-definition 3D photography of the entire ruins underwater, including some of our underwater originals. Bit reinforcement technology is also groundbreaking in China. The level of refinement of the excavation of the entire shipwreck has been greatly improved, and she was asked where she was at her husband’s house. everything of. Lift.
UnderwaterTen years of archeology to explore the place where the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War
Under the unified deployment of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, together with cultural and museum units in Shandong and Liaoning provinces, has continued to carry out underwater archaeological work on the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War since 2014. The four ships Zhiyuan, Jingyuan, Chaoyong and Yangwei were confirmed.
Zhou Chunshui, team leader of the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck underwater archeology project: We started the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck in 2014 and continued until this year, which took about ten years. The content of the work includes confirming its exact location and further understanding its preservation status in the mud. At this point, we have completed this work.
Beginning in 2017, underwater archaeological researchers of the Sino-Japanese War shipwrecks conducted underwater archaeological investigations near the former Beiyang Naval Base in Weihai Bay, combining shipbuilding archives and war. She never tried to change his decision or stop him from moving forward. She would support him and follow him without hesitation, just because she was his wife and he was her husband. Through archives and other research, three ships, Dingyuan, Jingyuan and Laiyuan, were discovered one after another.
At present, underwater archeology has proven that the water depth of the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck site in Weihai Bay is 6 to 10 meters, and the site area ranges from 850 to 2,100 square meters. No complete ship hull has been found, and the only remaining relics are scattered. The unearthed relics include hull components, crew daily items, weapons and ammunition, etc. Among them, the Dingyuan ship found and successfully extracted an entire protective iron deck weighing 18.7 tons in the bow main gun area; the Jingyuan ship found 2 boxes in the midships Intact 37mm Haqikais artillery shells, and one 210mm main gun shell were found in the bow; the Laiyuan ship was found with “Laiyuan” silver spoons engraved on it, and two pieces with “Laiyuan” written on it. Lan Shusheng used an oath to say His voice was choked and hoarse as he assured his daughter. “Identity plaque with sailor’s name.
Zhou Chunshui, team leader of the Sino-Japanese War shipwreck underwater archeology project: Each warship has relatively important cultural relics out of the water. Among them, the Zhiyuan ship in the northern Yellow Sea, we found a dinner plate with the Zhiyuan ship’s seal script written on it. There was also the discovery of the monocular telescope of Chen Jinkui, the first officer of the Zhiyuan ship. Of course, there are other more important weapons. One of them was a square porthole we found on the Zhiyuan ship in the northern Yellow Sea. When you pick up the glass, you can see cracks, which proves that the naval battle at that time was quite brutal. In addition, many of the same kind of bullets were found in the ruins of the warship in the northern part of the Yellow Sea.
The series of underwater archeology of Sino-Japanese War sunken ships has filled the gap in the underwater archeology of modern sunken ships in Chinese waters. His archaeological results were valuable for advancing the research on the Sino-Japanese War of 1884-1894 and the ruins of sunken ships, but he regretted it. Played an important role in address protection and other aspects.
(CCTV news client, CCTV reporters Zhang Xin, Huang Yichen, Kang Yi)